@MastersThesis{Gonçalves:2015:CaVaSi,
author = "Gon{\c{c}}alves, Jos{\'e} Paulo de Campos",
title = "Caracteriza{\c{c}}{\~a}o e variabilidade de
situa{\c{c}}{\~o}es sin{\'o}ticas associadas a epis{\'o}dios
de chuva intensa e chuva persistente durante a esta{\c{c}}{\~a}o
chuvosa na regi{\~a}o sudeste do Brasil",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2015",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2015-08-17",
keywords = "chuva intensa, chuva persistente, climatologia sin{\'o}tica,
compostos, padr{\~o}es de circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o, heavy rainfall,
persistent rainfall, synoptic climatology, composites analysis,
circulation patterns.",
abstract = "Este trabalho apresenta uma an{\'a}lise comparativa das
caracter{\'{\i}}sticas sin{\'o}ticas e da variabilidade dos
padr{\~o}es de circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o associados a eventos de
Chuva Intensa (CI) e Chuva Persistente (CP) na Regi{\~a}o Sudeste
do Brasil (SEB). A sele{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos eventos utilizou dados
de precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o di{\'a}ria do \${{"}}\$PSD South
America Daily Gridded Precipitation\${{"}}\$ durante a
esta{\c{c}}{\~a}o chuvosa (outubro a mar{\c{c}}o), entre 1979 a
2010. Para a an{\'a}lise dos campos sin{\'o}ticos utilizou-se os
dados da rean{\'a}lise \${{"}}\$Climate Forecast System
Reanalysis\${{"}}\$ (CFSR). O estudo baseia-se na an{\'a}lise
de composi{\c{c}}{\~o}es de campos e de anomalias de
vari{\'a}veis atmosf{\'e}ricas dos dias dos eventos de chuva. As
an{\'a}lises dos \${{"}}\$Epis{\'o}dios de Chuvas
Intensas\${{"}}\$ (ECI) e \${{"}}\$Epis{\'o}dios de Chuvas
Persistentes\${{"}}\$ (ECP) consistem em sequencias temporais de
campos dos respectivos epis{\'o}dios de chuva, desde tr{\^e}s
dias antes do in{\'{\i}}cio e durante as chuvas, que permitiram
avaliar a evolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o temporal das
caracter{\'{\i}}sticas associadas. A variabilidade dos
padr{\~o}es de circula{\c{c}}{\~a}o foi investigada
atrav{\'e}s da An{\'a}lise de Componentes Principais
Rotacionadas (ACP) dos campos sequenciais de press{\~a}o reduzida
ao n{\'{\i}}vel m{\'e}dio do mar dos ECI e ECP. A partir dos
epis{\'o}dios altamente correlacionados com as respectivas
componentes de ECI e ECP, foram geradas composi{\c{c}}{\~o}es
denominadas como \${{"}}\$Padr{\~o}es de Sequ{\^e}ncias
Principais\${{"}}\$ (PSP) que possibilitaram a
identifica{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos principais modos de desenvolvimento
dos sistemas associados a cada tipo de chuva. Os resultados
mostraram que os eventos de CI ocorreram com maior frequ{\^e}ncia
em outubro, enquanto que as CP t{\^e}m a sua m{\'a}xima
frequ{\^e}ncia em janeiro. Os compostos para ambos os tipos de
chuva apresentam semelhan{\c{c}}as nas caracter{\'{\i}}sticas e
nos sistemas atmosf{\'e}ricos atuantes, sendo que a magnitude das
anomalias {\'e} maior para os casos de CI em
compara{\c{c}}{\~a}o aos de CP. Destacam-se como
caracter{\'{\i}}sticas comuns, o resfriamento na m{\'e}dia e
baixa troposfera no sudeste da Am{\'e}rica do Sul (AS), a
presen{\c{c}}a de {\'a}reas de baixa press{\~a}o sobre a SEB e
oceano adjacente e de altas press{\~o}es ao sul de 40\$^{°}\$S,
entre o Pac{\'{\i}}fico, sul do continente e Atl{\^a}ntico,
associadas a um aquecimento da troposfera m{\'e}dia nestas
{\'a}reas. O desenvolvimento dos ECI est{\'a} vinculado {\`a}
propaga{\c{c}}{\~a}o de um trem de onda de maior amplitude, que
favorece o desenvolvimento de dist{\'u}rbios sin{\'o}ticos mais
vigorosos e que se deslocam desde a Argentina at{\'e} a SEB. Os
ECP est{\~a}o associados a sistemas menos vigorosos que se
desenvolvem ao sudeste da AS a partir da propaga{\c{c}}{\~a}o de
um trem de onda de maior extens{\~a}o longitudinal e com
deslocamento mais lento. Os PSP ilustraram cinco padr{\~o}es de
evolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos sistemas para cada tipo de chuva. Os PSP
predominantes nos ECI s{\~a}o associados {\`a} incurs{\~a}o de
sistemas frontais adjacentes {\`a} SEB e Atl{\^a}ntico, enquanto
que os PSP de ECP ilustram processos frontais ou n{\~a}o frontais
adjacentes {\`a} SEB, simult{\^a}neos {\`a}
intensifica{\c{c}}{\~a}o dos anticiclones subtropicais do
Pac{\'{\i}}fico e Atl{\^a}ntico ao sul de 40\$^{°}\$S, neste
{\'u}ltimo vinculado a forma{\c{c}}{\~a}o de um anticiclone de
tipo bloqueio. ABSTRACT: This study presents a comparative
analysis of characteristics and variability of atmospheric
circulation patterns associated with heavy (HR) and persistent
rainfall (PR) events over southeastern Brazil (SEB). The events
have been selected using daily rainfall data \${{"}}\$PSD South
America Daily Gridded Precipitation\${{"}}\$ during the SEB
rainy season (October-March) from the 1979 to 2010 period. The
synoptic features were analyzed by means of composites analysis of
atmospheric variables using the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis
(CFSR). The temporal evolution of the synoptic fields was
evaluated three days in advance and during the precipitation
episodes, using composites of sequential fields. Those episodes
are named as \${{"}}\$Persistent Rainfall Episodes\${{"}}\$
(PRE) and \${{"}}\$Heavy Rainfall Episodes\${{"}}\$ (HRE). The
HRE and PRE were also employed to identify the Principal Sequence
Patterns (PSP) that illustrates the development of synoptic
systems, by applying the Rotated Principal Component Analysis
(PCA) in the respective HRE and PRE sequential mean sea level
pressure fields. Episodes higher correlated with PSPs were used to
produce composites of atmospheric variables in order to
characterize each typical circulation pattern. Results showed that
HR (PR) events occurs especially in October (January). Composites
pointed similar synoptic features in both types (intense and
persistent) of rainfall events. However, the anomalies associated
with HR are greater than PR events. Some features are common in
both types of events, as the cooling in the middle and lower
tropospheric levels over southeastern South America (SA), the low
surface pressure centers over SEB and the adjacent ocean, high
pressure systems south of 40\$^{°}\$S associated with warming at
middle and lower troposphere. HRE episodes are related to higher
amplitude wave trains progression, thus linked to more intense
synoptic systems moving from Argentina to SEB. PRE episodes are
associated with weaker systems over southeastern South America
linked to slower and larger wave trains propagation. Five PSPs for
each type of rainfall episode was obtained. The main synoptic
process shown in the HRE PSP s are associated to frontal systems
progression over SEB and the Atlantic Ocean. The PRE PSP s are
linked to frontal or non-frontal processes over the Atlantic Ocean
near SEB, simultaneous to Pacific anticyclone intensification
around 40\${°}\$S and/or blocking anticyclones over the Atlantic
Ocean.",
committee = "Herdies, Dirceu Luis (presidente) and Seluchi, Marcelo Enrique
(orientador) and Dolif Neto, Giovanni",
copyholder = "SID/SCD",
englishtitle = "Characteristics and variability of synoptic situations associated
with heavy rainfall and persistent rainfall episodes during the
rainy season in southeastern Brazil",
language = "pt",
pages = "165",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3JR8FG5",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34P/3JR8FG5",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}